In the present day scenario, the fresh juice market in Malaysia is identified to be in a considerable growth trend. This is largely because of the increase in health consciousness among the people of Malaysia including Johor Bahru. This growth in the fresh fruit juice market has correspondingly led to the demand for the growth of fresh juice vending machine in Malaysia especially in Johor Bahru. In order to analyse the juice vending market in Johor Bahru, Malaysia, it is important to use an industry analysis tool (Tetra Pak, 2009). In this regard, Porter’s Five Forces analysis is considered as the most suitable tool. The underlying subheads illustrate the five different forces of the model.

1.1.1 Bargaining Power of the Suppliers

In the fresh fruit juice vending machine industry in Johor Bahru, the bargaining power of the suppliers is identified to be less. This is largely because of the considerable number of suppliers in Johor Bahru and in other cities and towns in Malaysia (MIDA, 2011). There is also a significant number of manufacturers and suppliers of fresh fruit vending machine beyond the borders of the nation. The foreign nations including China and others have a considerable number of suppliers of vending machine. Thus, the suppliers have a significant competition among themselves. This has considerably reduced the bargaining power among the suppliers of the fruit juice vending machine (MIDA, 2011).

1.1.2 Bargaining Power of the Customers

The bargaining power among the customers in the fruit juice vending machine industry in Johor Bahru, Malaysia is recognised to be less. This is largely because of high demand in fruit juice industry in the nation (Australian Food and Grocery Council, 2014). However, the number of organizations providing fresh fruit juices through vending machines is limited in the city. This has considerably reduced the bargaining power among the customers in the city. In this regard, it has been estimated that the number of organizations providing fresh fruit juice would increase considering the demand in the market. This would certainly increase the bargaining power among the customers in the city (Australian Food and Grocery Council, 2014).

1.1.3 Threat from New Entrants

Considering the expected growth in the fruit juice market in Johor Bahru as well as other parts of Malaysia, it is estimated that there is a significant threat from new entrants. In this regard, it is worth mentioning that the barriers to enter in this market are considerably low. The organizations while entering the market requires comparatively low initial investments. This has considerably increased the threat from new entrants (New Zealand Trade and Enterprise, 2012).

1.1.4 Threat from Substitute Products

The fresh fruit juice vending machine has significant threats from substitute products. The substitute products of the industry include domestic juicer machine, which have already a significant market in Malaysia including Johor Bahru. Moreover, it is notable that domestic juicer is comparatively of low price as compared to the juicer vending machine. Another substitute product is the packaged fresh juice bottle. This creates a significant threat from the substitute, as it is easily available, highly portable and is stored at ease (Frost & Sullivan Whitepaper, 2009). Thus, considering these substitutes, it is eminent that fruit juice vending machine has a considerable threats from its substitute products.

1.1.5 Threat from Competitive Rivalry

The fruit juice vending machine industry in Johor Bahru city of Malaysia does not have a high or intense competition in the present day context. However, the competition in the market is recognised to be in a considerable extent. Besides this, it is estimated that in the coming days, intense competition is expected among the fruit juice vending machine companies (Frost & Sullivan Whitepaper, 2009). Thus, the industry would certainly have intense competition.

1.2 Business Concept

The proposed business concept is to establish fresh fruit juice vending machines in the Johor Bahru city of Malaysia. The vending machine provides fresh fruit juices through inserting coins and debit or credit cards. It reduces the cost for the proposed business organization, as it provides the opportunity for self-service to its customers, which reduces the cost of service providers. Besides these, all the vending machines are connected to main server through internet. It can monitor and control the quality of the fresh fruit juice all the time. Moreover, it is worth mentioning that the establishment of the fresh juice vending machine does not require significant area, which is targeted to be placed in the shopping malls in the city, professional localities, railway stations, airports, and bus terminus and stoppages among several other densely populated places in the city (Frost & Sullivan Whitepaper, 2009).

1.3 Purpose and Rationale

Rationale and purpose behind the business development is related to the establishment of fresh fruit juice vending machines in Johor Bahru, Malaysia. In this regard, it is worth mentioning that one of the prime rationales and purposes for the current business development is to attain maximum profit and revenue from the growing demand of fruit juice industry in Malaysia. In addition, another major purpose and rationale for performing the study is to develop an effective brand image in the fresh juice vending machine industry in Johor Bahru city of Malaysia. Development of current business concept would also support the organization to enter other segments of industries related to fruit juice (Frost & Sullivan Whitepaper, 2009).

1.4 Terms of Reference

1.4.1 Research Questions

In order to conduct the current study effectively for successful business development in fresh juice vending machine organization in Johor Bahru, Malaysia, it is important to address four of the decisive research questions. These research questions are listed underneath.

How does the current market structure of fresh juice vending machines in Johor Bahru, Malaysia affects the new business proposal in this industry?
What is the influence of marketing aspects on the current business proposal of establishing of fresh juice vending machines in Johor Bahru, Malaysia?
How does business operation effects on the current business proposal?
What is the impact of finance on the current business proposal?

1.4.2 Research Objectives

Based on the rationale and research questions of the proposed business plan, the objectives of the business to be conducted in Johor Bahru, Malaysia have been provided hereunder.

To identify the current market structure of fresh juice vending machines in Johor Bahru, Malaysia affecting the new business proposal in this industry
To examine the influence of marketing aspects on the current business proposal of establishing of fresh juice vending machines in Johor Bahru, Malaysia
To explore business operation that might influence the current business proposal
To ensure availability of finance on the current business proposal

1.4.3 Research Framework

Refer to Appendix 3

2.0 Business Review

2.1 Market Structure

In order to understand the market structure of juice vending industry in Johor Bahru, it is important to understand market segmentation and the level of competition. The underneath subheads illustrate market segmentation of the industry, while the corresponding subheads illuminate the level of market competition that exists within the industry.

2.1.1 Market Segmentation

The market of fresh juice industry in Johor Bahru city is segmented based on different variables, which are illustrated underneath.

2.1.1.1 Demographic Variables

Based on the demographic variables, one of the most decisive factors of segmenting the fresh juice industry in Johor Bahru city is the occupation of the customers. The different segments of customers including sports person, students, labourers, working people, and retired individuals are identified to be present in Johor Bahru. These different segments of customers have different demands and requirements based on which the industry have segmented the market effectively. Moreover, segmentation in the industry is evident on the basis of the income of the customers. It is eminent that the city has people with diverse income level. Furthermore, the market in Johor Bahru city is also segmented based on gender. It is eminent that the type of juice that male and female consume is considerably different. In addition, it is notable that segmentation is made based on the level of age group of individuals in the city (Nowak, 2013).

2.1.1.2 Psychographic Variables

On the basis of psychographic variables, fresh juice market in Johor Bahru city is segmented extensively. In this regard, one of the psychographic factors is the lifestyle of the customers. It is notable that in Johor Bahru city, there are people of different lifestyles. The people have different desires and choices with regard to fresh juice. Thus, the market is segmented on the basis of preferences of the customers. In addition, there are certain factors, which largely contribute to the segmentation of fresh juice market in the city. These factors include value and attitude of the consumers (O’Shaughnessy, Shultz & Pecotich, 2005).

2.1.1.3 Behavioural Variables

There are certain factors related to behavioural variables that have segmented the market of fresh juice industry in Johor Bahru city. In this regard, one of the most notable behavioural factors is the benefit-sought attitude among the consumers. Besides this, another behavioural factor is the product usage rate. It is notable that some of the consumers of fresh juice consume the same in large quantity in comparison to the others. For sufficing such requirements, the industry has provided large packets for greater consumption. Furthermore, some of the consumers are recognised to be considerably loyal to some of the organizations in the industry. In such cases, it is notable that the organizations have segmented such group of loyal customers and provide extra facilities in order to retain them (Iman, 2002).

2.1.2 Market Competition

There are two decisive types of market competition, which is notable in fresh juice vending machine industry in Johor Bahru, Malaysia. These are direct competition and indirect competition, which are illustrated in the underlying subheads.

2.1.2.1 Direct Competition

The most influential competition notable in the fresh juice vending machine industry in Johor Bahru city is from direct competition. Direct competition is from the organizations in the city that have implemented vending machines for providing fresh juices. Although, the number of such organizations in the city is comparatively low, they do not have a major impact on the proposed business model. These organisations include Boost Juice, Juice Works and many more (Juice Works SDN BHD, 2015; Boost Global, No Date). However, a limited number of organizations largely threaten the fresh juice vending machine industry in the city. It is notable that the limited number of vending machine organizations in the city has considerably targeted different segments of the market. Moreover, these organizations have established their centres at the most appropriate locations, wherein the organizations have attained maximum customers. This has largely witnessed of high competition in the fresh juice market in the city (Das & Onn, 2014).

2.1.2.2 Indirect Competition

The fresh juice vending machine industry in Johor Bahru not only has intense direct competitions, but it also has a considerable indirect competition. Indirect competition is from different substitute products of fresh juice vending machine. These substitute products include packaged juice bottles, which are easily available in retail stores. There are several bottled juice brands available in Johor Bahru, which include LifeJuice, La Juiceria, Unicorn Pressed Juice, Petite Goodness, and The Organic Juicery among others (Tally Press, No Date). Although, packaged juices are considered as substitutes, but it has provided intense competition as a result of the effective segmentation of the market. Moreover, it has been notable that packaged juices are easily available in every retail store and can be stored easily for few days. These attributes of packaged juice bottles have provided significant indirect competition to the industry. Besides this, it is eminent that the substitutes like domestic juicer provide considerable indirect competition within the industry. The reason behind such competition is that domestic juicers provide economic benefit to the consumers (Ling & Jomo, 2009). Thus, it is eminent that there is a significant indirect competition in the fresh juice vending machine industry in Johor Bahru, Malaysia.

2.1.3 SWOT Analysis

Refer to the appendix 1

2.1.4 PESTLE Analysis

Refer to the appendix 2

2.2 Marketing Aspects (4Ps)

In order to construct the business plan effectively, it is important to consider one of the marketing tools. In this regard, the study of 4Ps is considered as the most suitable and has been illustrated in the underneath subheads.

2.2.1 Product

One of the decisive attribute of the 4Ps of marketing is the product itself. The development of the product as per the requirements of the consumers is a critical factor that contributes to the success of the industry. Juice vending machine, which is cited as the product in the current context provide quality juices to the consumers. The vending machine offers different variety of juices to the consumers. It is also worth mentioning that the machine prepares juice automatically, without any assistance from the service providers. The machine generally operates when the consumer inserts coins, credit cards or debits cards. Correspondingly, the button requires to be pushed or at instances, the lever requires to be pulled. The consumers or the service users have the opportunity of selecting different juices or a mixture of some or all. The consumers and the service users also have the opportunity of selecting the level of sugar, spices and other flavours of their choice. The juice correspondingly drops down through a nozzle and upon a tray. The consumers or service users are required to place a glass in the tray as container. Thus, it is eminent that availing quality and different favoured juices through fresh juice vending machine is considerably easy. In addition, it is notable that juice vending machine runs through electricity and Johor Bahru city of Malaysia do not have a significant issue regarding electricity (Priya & Lakshmi, 2014).

2.2.2 Price

Another decisive attribute among the 4Ps of marketing is with regard to the price of the products. The juice offered by the vending machine in Johor Bahru, Malaysia have price within the range from RM 2 to RM 10. This variation in the price is based on the quantity of juice that the consumers consume. Moreover, the variation in price is also based on the type of juice consumed. Some of the juices from apple, grapes, and others are comparatively costly in the Johor Bahru city of Malaysia. On the other hand, juices obtained from banana, mango and guava among other cheap fruits have comparatively lower rates. This creates a significant difference in the price of fresh juice from such vending machines. It is important to note that the consumers have several options for making payments. These include insertion of coins inside the vending machine. The consumers also have the opportunity to use plastic money, which includes both credit cards and debit cards. Furthermore, the consumers also have the opportunity of making payments through cash transactions, wherein service providers are available (Keller, 2008).

2.2.3 Place

Another decisive attributes of 4Ps of marketing includes the place, where the product is available. In this regard, it is notable that the product is available in major places or locations in Johor Bahru, Malaysia. The places include market areas, airports, railway stations, bus terminus, Malaysia causway and stoppages, and professional centres among others. The establishment of the vending machines in such places has witnessed considerable attraction to consumers, as these places are highly populated. Besides these, there are certain other places wherein the establishment of the vending machines have been considerably effective. These include places near school, colleges, sporting centres and others. These places also have considerable number of consumers and the industry can easily target the youth consumers in the city (Usunier, 2000).

2.2.4 Promotion

There are several promotional tools available in Johor Bahru, Malaysia that would considerably attract customers of fresh juice vending machine. One of the most effective promotional tools widely used in the current day context is the use of social media platform. Social media has extensively penetrated effectively in Johor Bahru city and therefore, promoting through such tool would be highly effective. Besides this, the fresh juice vending machine industry in the city also has the opportunity of promoting with the use of hoardings and banners at prime locations. The industry also promotes the product through local newspapers, magazines and others. Furthermore, the industry also promotes through television. Promotion through television is considered as one of the most effective tools for promotion. However, it is notable that promotion through television ads is costly to the organizations. Thus, the organisations that have lack of significant financial support and accordingly, skip the use of television as a promotional tool (Moutinho & Chien, 2007).

2.3 Operation

In order to understand the organizational operations of the fresh juice vending machine industry, it is important to discuss the different attributes of organizational operations. These include supply chain, business process and organizational technology, which are illustrated in the underneath subheads.

2.3.1 Supply Chain

In the supply chain process of the fresh juice vending machine industry in Johor Bahru, it is notable that a specific process is followed through which raw materials from the suppliers are ultimately processed and delivered to the consumers. In this regard, the first step in the supply chain process involves procurement of raw materials from the suppliers (Lewis & Slack, 2003). Raw materials involved include different types of fruits, sugar, spices, and other ingredients that are necessary for juice preparation. The corresponding phase in the supply chain process includes pouring of raw materials and other ingredients into the vending machine in an adequate amount. This is a very important phase in the supply chain process, as the selection of inappropriate and inadequate ingredients would not suffice the quality standard of the juices. The corresponding phase is the selection of the appropriate drink and in adequate quantity as per the requirement of the consumers. This leads to the successful delivery of the product to the customers. The customers have the opportunity to consume the products immediately or else have the opportunity to consume later through proper packaging (Rodrigue & Murphy, 2010). The supply chain process of the fresh juice vending machine industry has been provided in appendix 4.

2.3.2 Business Process

In order to execute the business process of the business organisations in an effective manner, a specific business process mapping is also evident. This supports the organisations in improving its effectiveness and efficiency. In the business process mapping of the organisations in the industry, the first step is the purchase of raw materials from the suppliers. In this phase, it is important to purchase raw materials that are of desirable quality and in the least possible cost available in the market. This leads to an increase in the profitability of the organisations. The corresponding step in the business process of the proposed organisation in Johor Bahru city of Malaysia involves pouring of raw materials into the vending machine. This is also an important phase considering the consequences of improper placing of raw materials, which leads to improper delivery of product, which certainly creates a major issue. The corresponding phase in the business process involves customer selection of the appropriate juice in adequate quantity on the basis of their preferences. The customers select the juice by pressing the button of the specified drink (Grossbauer, 2001). Moreover, the consequent phase in the business process involves the payment from the customers. The customers have the opportunity of payment by inserting coins, use of debit and credit cards and others. Consequently, the vending machine delivers the specified product to its consumers and thereby the consumer collects the product. It is also notable that the vending machine dispenses the payment receipt through a specific slot in the machine, which is collected by the consumers. However, it is also eminent that after a certain period of time, specific personnel from the organisation collects the coins from the vending machine. This is generally after 24 hours of interval. Furthermore, it is notable that after a certain period, the vending machine becomes empty. Therefore, refilling of the raw materials into the vending machine is decisive (Woodbine, 2007a). Thus, there is again a requirement for the purchase of raw materials. The appendix 5 depicts the business process cycle of the fresh juice vending industry in Johor Bahru, Malaysia.

2.3.3 Technology

Technology used in the fresh juice vending machine is highly advanced and state-of-the-art. The machine runs by electricity and operates extensively through buttons. The machine has the option in temperature control and therefore, the juice can be consumed in varied temperature as per the specification of the consumers. Besides this, the machine is highly capable of mixing different and specified ingredients as per the requirements of the consumers. Furthermore, another technology significantly useful is the acceptance of credit and debit cards. This has significantly attracted a considerable number of customers. It has also made the payment system extensively convenient as per the perceptions of customers and the organisations. In addition, the machine also has the opportunity of accepting coins. Furthermore, it is notable that the raw materials in the machine can be easily refilled. These all suggest that the machine is significantly advanced in terms of technology, which considerably supports the business organisations associated with fresh juice vending machines in Johor Bahru to accomplish organizational goals and objectives (Woodbine, 2007b).

2.4 Finance

One of the decisive phases in the business process of an organisation or venture is to identify the appropriate sources of finances. Different sources of finances are required for financing capital expenditure and operational expenditure required in the industry. Determination of appropriate sources of finance certainly enriches the financial strength of the organizations, which consequently leads to its sustainable development (Moore, 2008). Therefore, the underneath subheads illustrate the different types of source of financing that the industry possesses.

2.4.1 Personal Investment

Personal investment is one of the most suitable forms of financing sources. The reason behind this is that return on investment from such investment would exclusively be for the founder of the organisations. Thus, it enlarges the profit of the proprietor of the organisations within the industry (Shane, 2008).

2.4.2 Venture Capital

Venture capital is a type of financing that arrives from different companies and financial institutions. This type of financing is exclusive for new venture development. This type of financing has a major advantage considering that the financing company also support in business operations and management, which is highly decisive for a new venture (Floyd, 2005).

2.4.3 Initial Public Offerings

Initial Public Offerings (IPO) is the sale of stocks and shares of a private organisation to the public for the first time. This is considerably supportive for small organisations in the fresh juice vending machine business, which has the goals and objectives of expanding its business processes in a considerable amount (Shane, 2008).

2.4.4 Bank Loans

Another source of financing which is widely used by most of the new organisations throughout the world is bank loan. Bank loan is highly supportive for meeting the finance required for capital expenditure. The reason behind such is that capital expenditure requires considerable amount of finance, which can be financed through bank loans. Moreover, bank loans are easily available as compared to other sources of finances (Moore, 2008).

2.4.5 Bonds

Another form of financing, which is notable in the fresh juice vending machine industry in Johor Bahru is the issue of bonds. This is a type of debt investment, which is borrowed for a defined period. This is considerably supportive for the business organisation as the interest on such financing sources is comparatively low (Moore, 2008).

2.4.6 Lease

Lease is considered as another decisive step of financing as notable in fresh juice vending machine industry in Johor Bahru. In this regard, it is notable that the organisations have the opportunity of undertaking lease for the vending machines. In addition, the organisations have the opportunity of undertaking the lease of the retail outlets at different locations in Johor Bahru, Malaysia (Moore, 2008).

2.4.7 Retained Earnings

Another decisive source of financing is retained earnings of the organisations in the fresh juice vending machine industry in Johor Bahru. This significantly supports in the sustainable development of the organisations. The reason behind using this type of source of financing is that it do not have direct interest cost to the organizations. In addition, it is also worth mentioning that retained earnings are considered as the most suitable financing sources for operational expenditures (Shane, 2008).

3.0 Research Design

3.1 Research Methods

In order to conduct the current study in the most effective manner, it is important to determine the research methods. In this regard, it is identified that the qualitative study using primary data collected through questionnaire survey is considered as the most suitable method. The primary research study is conducted based on internet survey and personal interview. Besides the support from the primary data, secondary data are also considered for the study. In this context, effective interpretation and analysis of the data would support in the successful completion of the study (Creswell, 2013).

3.2 Sample Unit

In order to conduct the study in a most effective manner, it is important to determine the target respondents for the study. In this regard, it is worth mentioning that there has been no set of target respondents and the respondents are selected on a random basis (Maxwell, 2012). However, some of the segments of customers are randomly selected as the respondents for the primary study. These groups of respondents include students, sportsperson, corporate employees, retired individuals and others (Maxwell, 2012).

3.3 Sampling Method

The sampling method of the current study involves random selection of the respondents (Maxwell, 2012). Although, the respondents of the primary data collection process are selected on a random basis, but it is ensured that the respondents from different segments of the customers are considered. These different segments of respondents include students, corporate employees, sportsperson, retired individuals and others (Maxwell, 2012).

3.4 Sample Size

Besides selecting the appropriate respondents for the primary data collection, it is important to possess adequate sample size. This would support in effectively executing the study and thereby would increase the reliability of the study outcome. In this regard, 100 respondents are selected on random basis. The selection of 100-sample size is most suitable for this study, as the number of sample population is adequate for the reliability of the study outcome. On the other hand, the sample size is not too large that would make the study drawn-out. Furthermore, it is notable that the selection of 100-sample size is perfect, as it would lead to effective calculation and analysis of different aspects of the study (Maxwell, 2012).

3.5 Survey Location

Another decisive aspect of the current study is the determination of survey location. This is highly important, as it would support in attaining the desirable respondents that would provide reliable data. In this regard, the survey locations selected includes the market area of Johor Bahru city, outside the school and college campus, corporate hubs, internet and others. Besides the personal interview on such locations, internet survey is conducted among different individuals. The questionnaire prepared is randomly distributed through emails among different individuals in the city. However, it is notable that not every individual responded to the questions, which are distributed through emails. Moreover, some of the respondents did not responded to the entire questionnaire and hence, such incomplete responses are not considered (Creswell, 2013).

3.6 Collection Method

Data collection method conducted in the current study involves the use of internet survey and personal interviews. The internet survey includes the distribution of the questionnaire through Google drive. Moreover, it is assured that the users or the respondents are not of a specific age, but represent young child to elderly adults. It is also notable that not all the respondents responded to the questionnaire, some of the individuals have responded incomplete questionnaire. However, the questionnaires of the individuals that have responded completely are only used for the corresponding study. Besides the data collected from the internet, personal interviews are also considered for the study. Personal interviews also involve questionnaire survey, wherein data are collected from random respondents. Although these respondents are selected on a random basis, the respondents are considered from market area, outside school and college campus, corporate hub and other densely populated area in the city (Creswell, 2013).

3.7 Ethical Issues

The current study does not have any issue regarding ethical and moral values. The reason behind this is that the topic of the study suggesting the establishment of fresh juice vending machines in Johor Bahru do not itself raises any ethical issues. Moreover, for performing the study in an ethical manner, free consent has been obtained from the participants. It is also assured that the questions in the questionnaire survey do not raise any ethical dilemmas in terms of privacy of the respondents (Maxwell, 2012).

3.8 Questionnaire

It is to inform to the respondents of this questionnaire that the survey is to be conducted for determining the current juice vending machine market scenario of Johor Bahru city. The successful completion of the study, would lead to the business development of the new company in the area of juice vending machine, which would certainly satisfy the consumers with fresh juice. Furthermore, it is important to note that the study do not attempt to raise any ethical issues. The questionnaire has been devised for having an understanding about fresh juice vending market. The respondents are requested to provide an unbiased responses for the underneath questions. The participation in the process is voluntary.

I confirm that I have read and understand the information sheet for the above study. I have had the opportunity to consider the information, ask questions and have had these answered satisfactorily.

I understand that my participation is voluntary and that I am free to withdraw at any time, without giving any reason.

I agree to take part in the above study.

Name:
Age:
Gender:
Occupation:
Do you consume fresh juice? (Yes / No)
Which juice does you like the most? (Mango / Apple / Orange / Others)
How much quantity of juice do you prefer to consume once? (Less than 100 ml / 100 ml to 300 ml / 300 ml to 600 ml / More than 600 ml)
How many times do you purchase juice in a month? (0 – 3 / 4 – 10 / 11 – 20 / More than 20)
How much juice do you consume in a week? (Less than 500 ml / 500 ml to 2 L / 2 L to 4 L / More than 4 L)
Do you purchase juice from vending machines? (Always / Often / Sometimes / Rarely / Never)
Do you have juicer machine at home? (Yes / No)
How often do you prepare juice at home? (Always / Often / Sometimes / Rarely / Never)
Do you purchase bottled juice from retail stores? (Always / Often / Sometimes / Rarely / Never)
Have you experienced any issue regarding the payment in any vending machines? (Always / Often / Sometimes / Rarely / Never)
Which mode of payment do you prefer the most? (Coins / Debit Card / Credit Card/ Others)
Do you find juice from vending machines tastier? (Always / Often / Sometimes / Rarely / Never)
Do you find juice from vending machines cheaper? (Always / Often / Sometimes / Rarely / Never)
What is the main factor do you perceive that would lead new fresh juice vending machine organisation to be successful? _______________________________

References

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Boost Global, No Date. About. [Online] Available at: http://www.boostjuicebars.com.my/ [Accessed 30 May 2015].

Creswell, J. W., 2013. Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches. United Kingdom: SAGE Publications.

Das, S. B. & Onn, L. P., 2014. Malaysia’s Socio-Economic Transformation: Ideas for the Next Decade. Malaysia: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies.

Dasgupta, D., 2011. Tourism Marketing. India: Pearson Education.

Floyd, D., 2005. Revise GCSE Business Studies. The United Nations: Letts and Lonsdale.

Frost & Sullivan Whitepaper, 2009. The Malaysian industrial biotechnology sector. Malaysian Biotechnology Corporation, pp. 4-23.

Grossbauer, S., 2001. Managing Foodservice Operations: A Systems Approach for Healthcare and Institutions. United Kingdom: Kendall Hunt.

Iman, A. H. M., 2002. An Introduction to Property Marketing. United Kingdom: Penerbit UTM.

Juice Works SDN BHD, 2015. About Us. [Online] Available at: http://juiceworks.com.my/ [Accessed 30 May 2015].

Keller, K. L., 2008. Strategic Brand Management. India: Pearson Education India.

Lewis, M. & Slack, N., 2003. Operations Management. New York: Psychology Press.

Ling, K. H. & Jomo, K. S., 2009. Labour Market Segmentation in Malaysian Services. Malaysia: NUS Press.

Maxwell, J. A., 2012. Qualitative Research Design: An Interactive Approach: An Interactive Approach. New York: SAGE.

MIDA, 2011. Ideal Prospects, Immense Opportunities. Food Industry in Malaysia, pp. 1-8.

Moore, C. W., 2008. Managing Small Business: An Entrepreneurial Emphasis. United States of America: Cengage Learning EMEA.

Moutinho, L. & Chien, C. S., 2007. Problems in Marketing: Applying Key Concepts and Techniques. United States of America: SAGE.

New Zealand Trade and Enterprise, 2012. Food and beverage in Malaysia. Market Profile, pp. 1-14.

Nowak, C., 2013. Tekrum Marketing Plan for Malaysia. United Kingom: GRIN Verlag.

O’Shaughnessy, J., Shultz, C. J. & Pecotich, A., 2005. Handbook of markets and economies: East Asia, Southeast Asia, Australia, New Zealand. Australia: M.E. Sharpe.

Priya, D. K. & Lakshmi, Y. V., 2014. Sugarcane Juice Vending Machines and Vendors Problems and Prospects. International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), Vol. 3, Iss. 11, pp. 3071-3074.

Rodrigue, D. & Murphy, D. M., 2010. How to Open and Operate a Financially Successful Vending Business. United States of America: Atlantic Publishing Company.

Shane, S. A., 2008. The Illusions of Entrepreneurship: The Costly Myths That Entrepreneurs, Investors, and Policy Makers Live By. United Kingom: Yale University Press.

Tally Press, No Date. 10 Best Cold-Pressed Juices in Malaysia. [Online] Available at: http://www.tallypress.com/publishing/10-best-cold-pressed-juices-in-malaysia [Accessed 30 May 2015].

Tetra Pak, 2009. Juice, nectar, still drinks. Tetra Pak Magazine, pp. 1-44.

Usunier, J-C., 2000. Marketing Across Cultures. New Delhi: Pearson Education India.

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Woodbine, S., 2007a. Vending Machine Fundamentals: How to Build Your Own Route. United Kingdom: Lulu.com.

Woodbine, S., 2007b. The Complete Vending Machine Fundamentals: Volumes 1 & 2 In One Book. United Kingdom: Pratzen Publishing.

Appendices

1. List of Tables

Appendix 1: SWOT Analysis

Strengths	Weaknesses
Good product line Strong manufacturers’ relationship Seasoned products Good locations All-time availability	Lack of brand recognition Considerable debt in the business New innovative products do not always attract customers
Opportunities	Threats
Growing market Food market immune to economic downturn	Potential competitors to proliferate in future Effective penetration of the substitutes

Source: (Vrontis & Thrassou, 2006)

Appendix 2: PESTLE Analysis

Political	Multiparty democratic nation Lower degree of corruption Higher degree of transparency in the political system
Economic	Business vibrant economy High economic growth in last decade High income level of consumers Major hub for international trade Significant export value adding to national income
Social	Three main groups – Malay, Chinese, and Indian Rich and vibrant culture Racial harmony and peace More public holidays Cultural differences attract new products
Technological	Growth in internet and other commutation technology Significant development in infrastructure
Legal	Based on British Common Law Most of the firms are familiar to the nation’s law Evidences of death penalty and flogging for conducting crimes Fair legal treatment to foreign business enterprises
Environmental	Significant deforestation rate Nation’s participation in controlling environmental damage

Source: (Dasgupta, 2011)

2. List of Figures

Appendix 3: Research Framework

Research Framework

Appendix 4: Supply Chain Process of the Fresh Juice Vending Machines Industry in Johor Bahru

Supply Chain Process of Fresh Juice Vending Machines Industry in Johor Bahru

Appendix 5: Business Process Cycle of Fresh Juice Vending Machines Industry in Johor Bahru

Business Process Cycle of Fresh Juice Vending Machines Industry in Johor Bahru

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A business development proposal to establish fresh fruit juice vending machines business in johor bahru, malaysia

1.0 Introduction

1.1 Industry Background