Posted: May 21st, 2015

Blackberry- A bio-security threat in Australia

Paper, Order, or Assignment Requirements

Please follow the Structure of outline, and steps which you will find in attached. However, I was including some references please use it and add more. I wish that all references from the journals and books articles with including statistic way such as figures and tables about previous studies. Not: make sure the all references are GOOD.

Introduction

Aim of essay

Origin

Description

Distribution

Biosecurity threats

Risk assessment

Management strategies

Surveillance

Quarantine

Farm hygiene

Herbicide control

Physical control

Mechanical control

Biological control

Conclusion & recommendations

References

Thorp, J. R., & Lynch, R. (2000). The determination of weeds of national significance (p. 234). Launceston: National weeds strategy executive committee.

Amsellem, L., Noyer, J. L., Le Bourgeois, T., &Hossaert‐McKey, M. (2000). Comparison of genetic diversity of the invasive weed RubusalceifoliusPoir.(Rosaceae) in its native range and in areas of introduction, using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers. Molecular Ecology, 9(4), 443-455.

Taxonomic update and Lucid key for introduced blackberry in Australia. Weed Society of New South Wales Incorporated, 2004.

Pigott, J. P., Weiss, J., Evans, K. J., Mahr, F., Child, L., Brock, J. H., …& Williamson, M. (2003). Predicting the potential distribution of the biological control agent blackberry leaf rust (Phragmidiumviolaceum) and its impact on European blackberry (Rubusfruticosus) in Victoria, Australia. In 6th International Conference on the Ecology and Management of Alien Plant Invasions (EMAPi), 12 to 15 September 2001, Loughborough, UK. (pp. 373-381). Backhuys Publishers.

Grice, A. C. (2006). The impacts of invasive plant species on the biodiversity of Australian rangelands. The Rangeland Journal, 28(1), 27-35.

Dehaan, R., Louis, J., Wilson, A., Hall, A., &Rumbachs, R. (2007). Discrimination of blackberry (Rubusfruticosus sp. agg.) using hyperspectral imagery in Kosciuszko National Park, NSW, Australia. ISPRS journal of photogrammetry and remote sensing, 62(1), 13-24.

Amor, R. L. (1974). Ecology and control of blackberry (Rubusfruticosus L. agg.) II. Reproduction*. Weed Research, 14(4), 231-238.

Evans, K. J., Symon, D. E., Whalen, M. A., Hosking, J. R., Barker, R. M., & Oliver, J. A. (2007). Systematics of the Rubusfruticosus aggregate (Rosaceae) and other exotic Rubus taxa in Australia. Australian Systematic Botany, 20(3), 187-251.

Reid, A. M., Morin, L., Downey, P. O., French, K., & Virtue, J. G. (2009). Does invasive plant management aid the restoration of natural ecosystems?. Biological Conservation, 142(10), 2342-2349.

Aghighi, S., Hardy, G. E. S. J., Scott, J. K., & Burgess, T. I. (2012). Phytophthora bilorbang sp. nov., a new species associated with the decline of Rubusanglocandicans (European blackberry) in Western Australia. European journal of plant pathology, 133(4), 841-855.

Fotelli, M. N., Geßler, A., Peuke, A. D., &Rennenberg, H. (2001). Drought affects the competitive interactions between Fagus sylvatica seedlings and an early successional species, Rubusfruticosus: responses of growth, water status and δ13C composition. New Phytologist, 151(2), 427-435.