Posted: September 14th, 2017

Plato’s Republic

Plato’s Republic

1. It is commonly argued that in the Apology Socrates appears as an arrogant and self-destructive individual, facilitating his own demise. Nevertheless, he does put forward several interesting and strong arguments in his own defense. Choose three of these arguments and explain them fully in relation to the crimes he is charged with. Are they effective in furthering his defense? Do you believe Socrates should have been convicted? Why?
2. In Plato’s Republic, Thrasymachus presents several arguments in favor of the position that “Might makes right.” Explain three of his arguments. Do they explain how things are in the real world, how they ought to be or both? Explain. Regardless of which option you choose, which of the three options would represent the strongest ethical position?
3. In Book I of The Republic (p. 78), Socrates, discussing a possible definition of justice, says, “It is just to give each what is appropriate to him.” Using this definition, analyze its applicability to the structure of and functions in Plato’s ideal state. Does this state reflect this theory of justice? Give three examples from the text to support your position.
4. Clearly state and fully explain an argument either for or against the existence of God as well as a counterargument(s) to it. Remember that your arguments must be reason based (rational) rather than faith based (emotional).
5. Aristotle is known as the founder of “virtue ethics.” This means that for him, judging a person’s moral worth is more about a person’s character rather than individual actions. At the same time, even for him, virtue depends on action. Explain the relationship between virtue and actionfor Aristotle, explaining in detail what virtue is and how a person can develop a particular virtue.
6. As we saw in the film Decalogue I, the metaphysical views that a personholds as true, tend to influence their views on morality. Discuss the differences between the father’s and aunt’s outlooks on life. In making decisions in your own life, to what extent do you rely on scientific (practical) considerations and to what extent do you rely on faith. Where do you draw the line?
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