The City Reader 5th ed. / The Option of Urbanism

These are the text he will need to reference from in ANSWERING ALL QUESTIONS asked in the text below in essay form

LeGates, Richard and Frederic Stout (eds). 2011. The City Reader Fifth Edition. London: Routledge.

Leinberger, Christopher. 2007. The Option of Urbanism: Investing in a New American Dream. Washington, D.C.: Island Press.

Assignment:

Over the past 100+ years, cities have undergone significant transitions. Please describe some of the significant early urban planning visionaries and movements in the late 1800s and early 1900s that shaped our cities. In your paper, please define and discuss the importance of the works of Frederic Law Olmsted, Ebenezer Howard, Le Corbusier, and Frank Lloyd Wright. What impact did these movements have in addressing the industrial revolution towards promoting the public health, safety and welfare of our cities? Which of these movements were most closely associated suburban America during the 20th century?

Next, in the 21st century, our cities are faced with challenges of environmental, social and economic problems. Discuss the ideas of sustainable development (World Commission on Environment and Development, Timothy Beatley and Stephen Wheeler), the Charter of the New Urbanism and the works of Peter Calthorpe and William Fulton. How do these authors as well as Christopher Leinberger envision a future city to address modern problems? How can cities become more sustainable? How do you envision American cities to look and function in 100 years into the future?

Please be sure to cite your works using (author, year, pg #). You bibliography must be in MLA style. You paper must not exceed 25, double-spaced pages.