Posted: June 4th, 2014

The Story of the Human Body

The Story of the Human Body

In this project, you will: 1) Defend or refute a statement from The Story of the Human Body regarding how the human body works (or doesn’t work!) and why it works that way, and 2) Use primary sources to support your position. You will printyou’re your research paper and submit it in class. You will receive up to 70 points for the following: Introduction (7 points) 0 points The introduction does not have an attention getter or context for the topic. Thesis (10 points) 0 points The thesis is simply factual or unclear.

4 points The introduction mostly provides what it needs, but needs a stronger attention grabber or more layers of context. 5 points The thesis is clear, but does not present an engaging or new idea, and needs a stronger argument.

7 points The introduction has a creative attention getter and gives excellent context to set up the topic.

10 points The thesis relates to a statement from The Story of the Human Body, is clear, engaging, argumentative, goes beyond fact, and presents a new idea.

Topic Sentences that Explicitly Support the Thesis (7 points) 0 points 4 points 7 points The examples are not The point is somewhat supported, The point is fully supported with varied developed, lack variety, and but could include more variety examples that are fully developed and engaging. are not linked to the point in and specificity to examples. a coherent way. Primary Sources/Evidence (in the form of a quotes or paraphrasing) (12 points) 0 points 6 points 12 points No sources (primary or Only one or no primary sources Examples discussed in paper are supported by otherwise) are provided to are used to support the examples, quotes or paraphrasing from sources, including support the examples. or the paper does not include a at least two primary sources found using http://scholar.google.com/. Sources are cited in bibliography. parentheses in the paper and listed in a bibliography. Discussion of Human Physiology As Part of Examples (20 points) 0 points 10 points 20 points Examples lack specific Only one or a couple examples Examples include numerous specific information about the mention the functions or information about how human organs or cells functions of organs/cells. evolution of organs or cells. work, or how they evolved. Conclusion (7 points) 0 points The conclusion does not look backward or look forward, and leaves the reader wondering “so what”. Length (7 points) 0 points Paper is less than 700 words. 4 points The conclusion does not clearly look both back and forward to explain meaning of evidence presented in body. 4 points Paper is between 700-1,400 words. 7 points Conclusion looks backward, explains the body paragraphs, and looks forward to what the reader should take away or do with the information.

7 points Paper is 1,400 words or more.

Total Score Out of 70: ____
Project 2 Bio 11: Schinske Grading Rubric Adapted from Amy Leonard, De Anza College

Below are some statements from the book that may provide the basis for your paper. Your paper might even focus more than one of these different statements if they are related. Or you might choose different statements/topics altogether. This is not an all-inclusive list. • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Nothing in [human] biology makes sense except in the light of evolution. p. 16, 365 Humans evolved the ability to walk on two feet because it allowed males to exchange food for sex. p. 43 The structures of our bodies can be described as “we are what we’d rather not eat.” p. 54 Only mad dogs and humans go out in the midday sun. p. 80 Neanderthals are considered a missing link: nasty, brutish, primitive ancestors. p. 104 Humans would still be virtuous, peaceful, and healthy if we were all hunter-gatherers. p. 127 You could wipe out the entire population of the world except for, say, Figi and still retain almost every human genetic variation. p. 130 Humans have been a successful species, largely because we have evolved to be more prone to choke on our food. p. 144 Evolution is still causing the human body to change today. p. 160 Doctors and nurses could take better care of patients if they learned more about evolution. p. 164 You are most likely going to die from a mismatch disease. p. 168 Farming was the worst mistake in the history of the human race. p. 181 In much of the developed world, the food we eat is now as industrial as the cars we drive and the clothes we wear. p. 220 The economic benefits of industrially producing so much low-quality inexpensive meat do not outweigh the costs to human health and the environment. p. 222 People who are sick or worried about becoming sick spend fortunes on various forms of quackery and willingly suspend their disbelief about the efficacy of their chosen treatment. p. 228 In the industrial era, sleeping well is a privilege of wealth. p. 233 Birth weight in the United States is significantly lower in blacks than whites. p. 236 Since 1850, infant mortality has declined more than twentyfold among African Americans but remains three times higher than in whites. p. 238 For every year of added life that has been achieved since 1990, only 10 months is healthy. p. 243 Foods rich in rapidly digested glucose make you hungrier sooner. p. 265 By the time people become overweight or obese, let alone contract type 2 diabetes, it is difficult, expensive, and time-consuming to change their diet and exercise habits. p. 275 Trans fats are essentially a form of slow-acting poison. p. 281 Cancer is more preventable than we often suppose. p. 289 Deceptive advertising of “fat-free” food entices people to buy calorically dense products rich in sugar and simple carbohydrates that actually make the consumer fatter. p. 290 It now requires more effort and money to consume food that has fewer calories. p. 290 No engineer has ever managed to create a material as versatile and functional as bone. p. 298 The worst case scenario is to be a sedentary postmenopausal woman who didn’t exercise much when she was younger, doesn’t eat enough calcium, and gets insufficient vitamin D. p. 301 Recent efforts to sterilize the body and everything that it contacts are abnormal and may sometimes carry possibly harmful consequences. p. 309 Just as your bones need stress to grow, your immune system requires germs to mature properly. p. 310 Many allergies and other inappropriate immune responses are occurring more often because our microbiomes are seriously abnormal. p. 313 In the non-too-distant future, your doctor may prescribe you worms or feces. p. 314
Project 2 Bio 11: Schinske Grading Rubric Adapted from Amy Leonard, De Anza College

• To grow properly, almost every part of the body needs to be stressed appropriately by interactions with the outside world. p. 316 • We habitually value costs and benefits more highly in the near term than in the future…As a result, we tolerate or take pleasure in potentially harmful things because they enhance our lives now more than what we judge to be their eventual costs or risks. p. 319 • We frequently mistake comfort for well-being. p. 320 • The chances of natural selection adapting our species in dramatic, major ways to common non-infectious mismatch diseases are remote. p. 352 • Prevention really is the most powerful medicine, but we as a species consistently lack the political or psychological will to act preventively in our own best interests. p. 354 • People need and deserve useful, credible information about how their bodies work, and they require the right tools to achieve their goals. p. 357 • Freedom is more precious than good health. p. 360 • An evolutionary perspective suggests that we sometimes need help from external forces in order to help ourselves. p. 361 • Government has the right and even duty to nudge or sometimes push us to behave rationally. p. 361 • Most people don’t get sick through any fault of their own, but instead they acquire chronic illnesses as they age because they grew up in an environment that encourages, entices, and sometimes even forces them to become sick. p. 364 • Culture does not allow us to transcend our biology. p. 366 • Just as this is not the best of all possible worlds, your body is not the best of all possible bodies. p. 367

Project 2 Bio 11: Schinske Grading Rubric Adapted from Amy Leonard, De Anza College

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